These concerns began to surface in 2018 when 13 Brevard County beachside schools found PFBA in the drinking water, and again brought up during a town hall meeting in July 2019 with the city of Melbourne and Representative Randy Fine.
Fight For Zero's latest sampling that tests 45 PFAS compounds shows that Sandpoint Park in Titusville, Howard E. Futch Memorial Park in Melbourne, and Turkey Creek Sanctuary in Palm Bay had detectable levels of PFAS.
These per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances, known as PFAS, do not easily break down in the environment, and some forms simply do not deteriorate, living to their “forever chemical” title. They are widely used in hundreds of products ranging from nonstick pans to firefighting foam. Nearly every American has PFAS in their body. They are found in blood, breast milk, and even umbilical cord blood of newborn babies. Aside from their cancerogenic attributes, they can also cause hormone disruption, immune suppression, neurodevelopment, reproductive problems, and liver and thyroid diseases.
These per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances, known as PFAS, do not easily break down in the environment, and some forms simply do not deteriorate, living to their “forever chemical” title. They are widely used in hundreds of products ranging from nonstick pans to firefighting foam. Nearly every American has PFAS in their body. They are found in blood, breast milk, and even umbilical cord blood of newborn babies. Aside from their cancerogenic attributes, they can also cause hormone disruption, immune suppression, neurodevelopment, reproductive problems, and liver and thyroid diseases.
One of the positive samples taken by Fight For Zero is from a fountain situated between a children's playground and a splash pad in Sandpoint Park; a known spectator area for rocket launches.
Testing showed PFOS was detected at 7.4 parts per trillion and PFHxS at 2.8 parts per trillion.
In November 2019, Fight For Zero made a record request to the City of Titusville for the results of their most recent PFOA and PFOS water quality testing. Instead of making the records readily available, the city estimated $32.99 an hour for a minimum of two hours. The organization spent two months corresponding with the city but never received records. January 14, 2020, the city had a PFAS special presentation where it was stated that PFAS was not present in the Titusville drinking water.
Fight For Zero is now criticizing the city for not releasing the results of its tests to the public.
"Any municipality that has performed testing should have publicized their drinking water results of these harmful contaminants," said, Stel Bailey, Executive Director for Fight for Zero, and Environmental Health Advocate.
The sample taken from Howard E. Futch Park in Melbourne showed PFBA at 8.3 parts per trillion, the same chemicals found in beachside schools drinking water. Other chemicals detected were short-chain PFAS chemicals: PFBS, PFHxA, and PFPeA.
"Any municipality that has performed testing should have publicized their drinking water results of these harmful contaminants," said, Stel Bailey, Executive Director for Fight for Zero, and Environmental Health Advocate.
The sample taken from Howard E. Futch Park in Melbourne showed PFBA at 8.3 parts per trillion, the same chemicals found in beachside schools drinking water. Other chemicals detected were short-chain PFAS chemicals: PFBS, PFHxA, and PFPeA.
Testing did not detect the harmful compounds at Jetty Park in Cape Canaveral and Lori Wilson Park in Cocoa Beach.
Both Jetty Park and Cocoa Beach are served by water from the city of Cocoa. In October of 2018, the City of Cocoa Beach tested 19 wells after communities brought forward concerns about the cancer-causing chemicals. The well at Lori Wilson Dog Park tested positive for high levels of PFOA and PFOS, with 123 ppt. The water source was temporarily switched to city water. Still, communities across the county are using groundwater as their drinking water source.
Florida is one of the states that has not set a safety level for PFAS. The Environmental Protection Agency has established a health advisory level of 70 parts per trillion, or PPT, for PFOA and PFOS. The EPA level is not enforceable and only applies to two of more than 5,000 types of PFAS. Several states have addressed these serious risks and set the acceptable level much lower than the EPA's advisory level while the agency determines whether the number should be lower.
Fight For Zero has been urging Florida representatives to address this issue, "When did it become acceptable to have cancer-causing chemicals in our water?"
"It may be "legal" in Florida to drink these harmful chemicals, but our children are vulnerable, and over time, those chemicals build up in the body,” said Mrs. Bailey. “ No one in the state is taking action. Instead, they are leaning on the EPA's ineffective and unenforceable high level of 70 parts per trillion."
State's like New York has set a strict level of 10 parts per trillion for PFOA and PFOS, and the federal Agency for Toxic Substances Control has urged that a limit of 11 be adopted. The CDC, Congress members, and several environmental organizations have called on the EPA to lower the level. These contaminants do not break down, and the CDC recognizes that exposure to PFAS may affect the immune system.
"Although the PFAS levels shown in the drinking water samples summarized to not exceed the EPA HAL for PFOS/PFOA they may exceed future limits set by the State of Florida in the near future following the precedent set by other states," said Kiel Sims, Environmental Scientist.
Fight For Zero urges residents to use filtration systems that remove harmful contaminants from their drinking water and for cities to publicize their drinking water results not shared in the annual drinking water quality reports.
To review the testing, download the PDF.
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